Global dynamics of geomagnetic disturbances in the initial phase of magnetic storm of April 5, 2010
Category: 14-2
UDC 550.385.37
O.V. Kozyreva
Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Abstract
Using the global network of ground-based magnetometers, the spatial distribution of long-period geomagnetic pulsations of range of Pc5 (2–7 mHz) has been investigated in the initial phase of magnetic storm of April 5, 2010, which was characterized by high dynamic pressure (up to 15 PPA) and high speed solar wind (> 800 km/s). It is shown that Pc5 pulsations observed in a large area in longitude (from early morning until evening hours MLT) as well as in latitude (from polar to equatorial latitudes) had a global character. It was found that the most intense pulsations were recorded in the 06–08 MLT morning sector at geomagnetic latitudes 67–69°, while in the afternoon sector maximum Pc5 pulsations were observed at lower latitudes 63–64°. The analysis of phase characteristics showed that the Pc5 pulsations propagated from noon to morning and to evening sectors, gradually growing stronger. The amplitude of pulsations in the morning sector was 3–4 times higher than in the afternoon. Pc5 pulsations were also recorded on geostationary satellites GOES 11 and 12, which were in the morning sector of the magnetosphere during observations. Spectral analysis of Pc5 pulsations observed simultaneously in the magnetosphere (GOES 11 and 12) and on the Earth's surface showed a coincidence of frequency peaks in the spectra of their pulsations.
Keywords: magnetic storm, geomagnetic pulsation.
References
Guglielmi A.V., Potapov A.S., Klain B.I., Rayleigh–Taylor–Kelvin–Helmholtz combined instability at the magnetopause, Solnechno-zemnaya fizika (Solar-terrestrial physics), 2010, issue 15, pp. 24–27.
Kawasaki, K., Akasofu, S.-I., Yasuhara, F., and Meng, C.-I., Storm sudden commencements and polar magnetic subsorms, J. Geophys. Res., 1971, vol. 76, pp. 6781–6789.
Kleimenova, N.G., Kozyreva, O.V., Bitterly, M., and Schott, J.-J., Long-Period (1–6 mHz) Geomagnetic Pulsations during the Initial Phase of the Great Magnetic Storm of February 21, 1994, Geomagn. Aeron., 2000, vol. 40, pp. 420–429.
Kleimenova, N.G., Kozyreva, O.V., Bitterly, M., Schott, J.-J., Villante U., Fransca, P., and Best, A., Two Types of Daytime Long-Period Geomagnetic Pulsations in the Pc5 Range at Middle Latitudes during a Strong Storm, Geomagn. Aeron., 1998, vol. 38, no 1, pp. 45–55.
Kleimenova, N.G., Kozyreva, O.V., Zaitsev, A.N., and Odintsov V.I., Pc5 Geomagnetic Pulsations in the Global Network of Observatories during the Magnetic Storm of March 24, 1991, Geomagn. Aeron., 1996, vol. 36, pp. 37–44.
Kokubun, S., McPherron, R. L., and Russell, C. T., Triggering of substorms by solar wind discontinuities, J. Geophys. Res., 1977, vol. 82, pp. 74–86.
Kozyreva, O., Pilipenko, V., Engebretson, M.J., Yumoto, K., Watermann, J., and Romanova, N.I n search of a new ULF wave index: Comparison of Pc5 power with dynamics of geostationary relativistic electrons, Planet. Space Sci., 2007, doi:10.1016/j.pss.2006.03.013
Kozyreva, O.V. and Kleimenova, N.G., Estimation of Storm-Time Level of Day-Side Wave Geomagnetic Activity Using a New ULF Index, Geomagn. Aeron., 2008, vol. 48, pp. 491–498.
Kozyreva, O.V. and Kleimenova, N.G., Geomagnetic Pulsations and Magnetic Disturbances during the Initial Phase of a Strong Magnetic Storm of May 15, 2005, Geomagn. Aeron., 2007, vol. 47, pp. 470–480.
Kozyreva, O.V. and Kleimenova, N.G., Variations in the ULF index of geomagnetic pulsations during strong magnetic storms, Geomagn. Aeron., 2009, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 425-437.
Kozyreva, O.V. and Kleimenova, N.G., Variations in the ULF index of daytime geomagnetic pulsations during recurrent magnetic storms, Geomagn. Aeron., 2010, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 770-780.
Kozyreva, O.V., Kleimenova, N.G., and Schott, J.-J., Geomagnetic Pulsations at the Initial Phase of a Magnetic Storm, Geomagn. Aeron., 2004, vol. 44, pp. 33–41.
Kozyreva, O.V., Kleimenova, N.G., and Watermann, J., Pc5 Geomagnetic Pulsations under a High Dynamic Pressure of the Solar Wind during the Initial Phase of the Magnetic Storm (April 16, 1999), Geomagn. Aeron., 2005, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 577-587.
Liou, K., Newell, P.T., Meng, C.-I., Wu, C.-C., and Lepping, R.P., On the relationship between shock-induced polar magnetic bays and solar wind parameters, J. Geophys. Res., 2004, vol. 109, A06306. doi:10.1029/2004JA010400.
Mann, I.R. and Wright, A.N., Diagnosing Pc5 magnetospheric waveguide mode excitation mechanisms, Geophys. Res. Lett., 1999, vol. 26, Р.2609, (doi:10.1029/1999GL900573).
Mann, I.R., Wright, A.N., Mills, K., and Nakariakov, V.M., Excitation of magnetospheric waveguide modes by magnetosheath flows, J. Geophys. Res., 1999, vol. 104, Р.333, doi:10.1029/ 1998JA900026.
Mishin V.V., Accelerated motions of the magnetopause as a trigger of the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, J. Geophys. Res., 1993, vol. 98, pp. 21365–21371, doi:10.1029/93JA00417.
Pilipenko, V., Kozyreva, O., Belakhovsky, V., Engebretson, M.J., and Samsonov, S., Generation of magnetic and particle Pc5 pulsations during the recovery phase of strong magnetic storms, Proc. R. Soc. A., 2010, doi: 10.1098/rspa.2010.0079/.
Pilipenko, V.A., Kleimenova, N.G., Kozyreva, O.V., Engebretson, M.J., and Rasmussen, O., Global ULF wave activity during the May 15,1997 magnetic storm, J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 2001, vol. 63, pp. 489–501.
Schieldge, J.P. and Siscoe, G.L., A correlation of the occurrence of simultaneous sudden magnetospheric compressions and geomagnetic bay onsets with selected geophysical indices, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 1970, vol. 32, pp. 1819–1830.
Schott, J., Kleimenova, N.G., Bitterly, J., and Kozyreva, O.V., The strong Pc5 geomagnetic pulsations in the great magnetic storm of March 24, 1991, Earth Planets Space, 1998, vol. 50, pp. 101–106.
Shue, J.-H. and Kamide, Y., Effects of solar wind density on auroral electrojets, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2001, vol. 28, pp. 2181– 2184.
Zhou, X. and Tsurutani, B.T., Interplanetary shock triggering of nightside geomagnetic activity: Substorms, psuedobreakups, and quiescent events, J. Geophys. Res., 2001, vol. 106, pp. 18.957–18.967.